Living with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is often described as carrying an invisible weight; impulsivity, and emotional sensitivity that can influence nearly every aspect of daily life. Beyond the difficulties of concentration and organization, ADHD deeply affects the way individuals relate to others. From early childhood, social interactions often become complicated. Children with ADHD are significantly more likely to be rejected by peers, with studies estimating that as many as 50–60% experience social rejection in school settings (Hoza et al., 2005). Their impulsive behavior, distractibility, or emotional intensity can interfere with forming stable and reciprocal friendships.
These patterns tend to evolve rather than disappear with age. Adolescents may encounter increased misunderstandings with peers and teachers, while adults with ADHD often report frequent miscommunications, emotional conflict, or a persistent sense of being “too much” or “not enough” in their relationships (Wymbs et al., 2012). Many adults reflect back on years of being misunderstood, judged, or isolated; sometimes not realizing until later that their brain worked differently. The emotional residue from these experiences often manifests as shame, low self-esteem, and difficulty trusting others.
Many people with ADHD experience emotion regulation challenges that can lead to intense outbursts or mood fluctuations. According to Barkley and Fischer (2010), emotion dysregulation is one of the most impairing features of adult ADHD. A seemingly minor trigger can elicit strong reactions; frustration, anger, or sadness that feel disproportionate to those around them. This isn’t simply a matter of moodiness; it’s an indicator of the brain’s difficulty managing emotional input. Loved ones may struggle to understand these responses, and without awareness, the dynamic can lead to repeated cycles of conflict or disconnection.
Another aspect that complicates relationships is impulsivity, not just in speech or behavior, but in decision-making, spending, or even self-soothing habits. Some individuals may engage in risk-taking, substance use, or emotional shutdowns as coping mechanisms (Mooney et al., 2021). These behaviors can strain personal, romantic, and even professional relationships. Combined with a heightened sensitivity to criticism, a common trait in those with ADHD due to years of corrective feedback, they may experience even gentle reminders as deeply painful, leading to avoidance or defensiveness.
Therapy can be an essential support for people navigating these challenges. Treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) have been shown to help individuals with ADHD develop emotional regulation skills, improve social thinking, and reduce relational stress (Knouse & Safren, 2010). Psychotherapy can also provide a safe, validating space to rewrite the internal narrative many clients carry—that they are difficult, broken, or unworthy of connection.
Medication may also play a complementary role. Studies indicate that stimulant and non-stimulant medications can help improve focus and impulse control, indirectly enhancing the capacity to participate in and benefit from therapy and real-life interactions (Arnold et al., 2015). When appropriate, working collaboratively with a physician or psychiatrist can support a more holistic treatment plan.
At the Attunement Psychotherapy Centre, we offer individualized care for children, adolescents, and adults living with ADHD. Our clinicians focus on practical strategies to build relationship skills, strengthen self-esteem, and create healthier patterns of connection. Whether you’re a parent watching your child struggle with friendships or an adult navigating the invisible impacts of ADHD in your partnerships or workplace, we are here to support your growth and healing.
Sometimes the smallest shift in understanding can make the biggest difference. You don’t have to go through it alone. Whether you’re seeking tools, validation, or change, we’re here to walk alongside you.
References:
- Arnold, L. E., Hodgkins, P., Kahle, J., Madhoo, M., & Kewley, G. (2015). Long-Term Outcomes of ADHD: Academic Achievement and Performance. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19(6), 515–525.
- Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2010). The unique contribution of emotional impulsiveness to impairment in major life activities in ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(6), 503–513.
- Hoza, B., Mrug, S., Gerdes, A. C., et al. (2005). What Aspects of Peer Relationships Are Impaired in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 411–423.
- Knouse, L. E., & Safren, S. A. (2010). Current Status of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 33(3), 497–509.
- Mooney, M. A., Vandenbergh, D. J., & McCracken, J. T. (2021). Impulsivity and its Role in Substance Use Disorders Among Individuals With ADHD. Current Psychiatry Reports, 23, Article 51.
- Spichak, S. (2025). How does ADHD affect relationships? Resolvve. https://resolvve.ca/blog/how-does-adhd-affect-relationsips
- CHADD. (2018). Relationships & Social Skills. CHADD. https://chadd.org/for-adults/relationships-social-skills/
- ADHD Aware. (n.d.). How does ADHD affect relationships and marriage? https://adhdaware.org.uk/living-with-adhd/how-does-adhd-affect-relationships-and-marriage/
- Soucisse, M., Maisonneuve, M. F., & Normand, S. (2015). Friendship Problems in Children with ADHD: What Do We Know and What Can We Do? https://prisme.uqo.ca/upload/userfiles/files/Soucisse%20et%20al_%202015.pdf
